Description
The hummingbird (Family Trochilidae) collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) is one of the oldest single collections of this family harboured in European museums.
Almost two thousand specimens, that encompass most of the taxonomic range of this family, were collected in the late 19th Century. They were bought from the same provider, mainly as mounted specimens, for a Portuguese private collection that was donated in the 20th Century to the museum that is now MHNC-UP.
The information about these specimens is now available for consultation on the GBIF platform.
Enregistrements de données
Les données de cette ressource occurrence ont été publiées sous forme d'une Archive Darwin Core (Darwin Core Archive ou DwC-A), le format standard pour partager des données de biodiversité en tant qu'ensemble d'un ou plusieurs tableurs de données. Le tableur de données du cœur de standard (core) contient 1 335 enregistrements.
Cet IPT archive les données et sert donc de dépôt de données. Les données et métadonnées de la ressource sont disponibles pour téléchargement dans la section téléchargements. Le tableau des versions liste les autres versions de chaque ressource rendues disponibles de façon publique et permet de tracer les modifications apportées à la ressource au fil du temps.
Versions
Le tableau ci-dessous n'affiche que les versions publiées de la ressource accessibles publiquement.
Comment citer
Les chercheurs doivent citer cette ressource comme suit:
Lopes R J, Faria P, Freitas B, Gomes D (2019): The Hummingbird Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP). v1.2. Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP). Dataset/Occurrence. http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=mhncup_aves_hummingbirds&v=1.2
Droits
Les chercheurs doivent respecter la déclaration de droits suivante:
L’éditeur et détenteur des droits de cette ressource est Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP). Ce travail est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0.
Enregistrement GBIF
Cette ressource a été enregistrée sur le portail GBIF, et possède l'UUID GBIF suivante : 17f6f3d0-b5ef-434b-95a8-cc32d8e5236f. Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) publie cette ressource, et est enregistré dans le GBIF comme éditeur de données avec l'approbation du GBIF Portugal.
Mots-clé
Occurrence; Specimen; Hummingbirds; Museum; Biodiversity databases
Contacts
- Fournisseur Des Métadonnées ●
- Conservateur ●
- Créateur ●
- Personne De Contact
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-5107
- Créateur
- Créateur
- Créateur
Couverture géographique
This collection holds multiple specimens from almost the entire range of hummingbirds in the American Continent, including several islands (e.g., Trinidad and Tobago). This coverage is lower than reality since almost half of the collection is not referenced to country level and precise geographic location is only available for a very small subset. A further issue is the common practice in the 19th Century to provide the name of the capital as the location and it is now difficult to discern specimens that were truly recorded near a capital and those that were not. Although most species have a geographical distribution that range more than one country, for species endemic at the country level, it was possible to increase the precision to the country level.
| Enveloppe géographique | Sud Ouest [-44,088, -129,023], Nord Est [47,754, -23,906] |
|---|
Couverture taxonomique
Concerning the taxonomic representation, MHNC-UP’s Hummingbird Collection covers all the evolutionary range of this family, including most of the genus, making it valuable for any study pertaining taxonomy, systematics or phylogeny of the Hummingbird family. Also, for more than 15% of the species, the number of specimens is higher than 10.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Trochilidae |
Couverture temporelle
| Date de début / Date de fin | 1850-01-01 / 1920-01-01 |
|---|
Données sur le projet
The MHNC-UP bird collection holds a major percentage of the vertebrate specimens in the museum (more than 80% of all specimens), comprising the largest collection of its kind in Portugal (known records for more than 7,000 specimens). The Trochilidae family is the most representative group, since they are more than a seventh of all birds accounted for and hold a considerable number of species, representative of almost all genera of this family. Its value is quite high, given the rarity of the specimens, the ethical and logistics concerns of harvesting more birds. The collection holds several specimens from various species with high conservation status. Several species listed in threatened categories by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) are present in the collection (BirdLife International 2016), including the probably extinct Turquoise-throated Puffleg (Eriocnemis godini). It is only known by six specimens which were collected in the 19th century and all recent surveys failed to find individuals and IUCN believes it may be extinct (BirdLife International 2016). Also of high relevance are the two specimens of the Blue Bearded Helmetcrest (Oxypogon cyanolaemus), a species with a population size lower than 250 individuals, that inhabits high altitude habitats in North Colombia last recorded until recently around 70 years ago.
| Titre | The Hummingbird Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) |
|---|---|
| Financement | E-Infrastructure for Information and Research on Biodiversity (PORBIOTA) and Research Infrastructure of Scientific Collections (PRISC) |
| Description du domaine d'étude / de recherche | Concerning the taxonomic representation, MHNC-UP’s Hummingbird Collection covers all the evolutionary range of this family, including most of the genus, making it valuable for any study pertaining taxonomy, systematics or phylogeny of the Hummingbird family. Also, for more than 15% of the species, the number of specimens is higher than 10. This collection holds multiple specimens from almost the entire range of hummingbirds in the American Continent, including several islands (e.g., Trinidad and Tobago). This coverage is lower than reality since almost half of the collection is not referenced to country level and precise geographic location is only available for a very small subset. A further issue is a common practice in the 19th Century to provide the name of the capital as the location and it is now difficult to discern specimens that were truly recorded near a capital and those that were not. Although most species have a geographical distribution that ranges more than one country, for species endemic at the country level, it was possible to increase the precision to the country level. The temporal range of the records lies between 1850 and 1920. |
| Description du design | This collection was mainly collected through a French Naturalist supplier (Deyrolle) very well regarded in terms of taxidermy and entomology, since its inception in 1831 (Fox 2012). There is no information regarding the original collectors. One such client of Deyrolle would be José Teixeira da Silva Braga Júnior, who purchased a vast collection of tropical hummingbirds over the years (which are ultimately the subject of this work), and created a museum in the “Palacete Braguinha”, that is now FBAUP (Faculdade de Belas Artes da Universidade do Porto). The collection of hummingbirds of the MHNC-UP was first catalogued after 2005 using a proprietary software (Index Rerum, FCo. São João da Madeira). In 2016-17 the catalogued information was transcribed and revised or updated. |
Les personnes impliquées dans le projet:
Méthodes d'échantillonnage
This collection was mainly collected through a French Naturalist supplier (Deyrolle) very well regarded in terms of taxidermy and entomology, since its inception in 1831 (Fox 2012). There is no information regarding the original collectors. One such client of Deyrolle would be José Teixeira da Silva Braga Júnior, who purchased a vast collection of tropical hummingbirds over the years (which are ultimately the subject of this work), and created a museum in the “Palacete Braguinha”, that is now FBAUP (Faculdade de Belas Artes da Universidade do Porto). Unfortunately, many rich private collections would not outlive their owners by much, being disbanded, dissolved unto others or simply irreparably lost from lack of preservation or natural disaster. As for institutions, despite their roles of scientific and public education such as our local examples of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto and its Museum, funding was often too scarce to allow the expanding of Natural History collections. However, in a rare stroke of luck, the outstanding collection of the “Museu Silva Braga” was not lost but instead, the legal heirs donated the collection to the Museum that would come nowadays to be known as the MHNC-UP.
| Etendue de l'étude | This collection holds multiple specimens from almost the entire range of hummingbirds in the American Continent, including several islands (e.g., Trinidad and Tobago). This coverage is lower than reality since almost half of the collection is not referenced to country level and precise geographic location is only available for a very small subset. A further issue is the common practice in the 19th Century to provide the name of the capital as the location and it is now difficult to discern specimens that were truly recorded near a capital and those that were not. Although most species have a geographical distribution that range more than one country, for species endemic at the country level, it was possible to increase the precision to the country level. The temporal range of the records lies between 1850 and 1920. |
|---|---|
| Contrôle qualité | The priority was to correct taxonomic, geographic and temporal data for each specimen, using validation lists for taxa and locations. For the taxonomic information, we used the BirdLife Checklist, because it matches the species evaluated in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It includes information on the scientific and common names used by BirdLife, the Authority (for the original description of the taxon), BirdLife’s taxonomic treatment (recognised, not recognised or under review), the latest IUCN Red List category (e.g. Extinct, Vulnerable, Least Concern), the (selected) sources that recognize the taxon, the scientific and common names used by these sources, where relevant, a taxonomic note, and a record ID number unique to the taxonomic entity. For locations, following the Named Area Standards recommended by GBIF, it was chosen the ISO3166, a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The digital database was curated following the priorities already defined above. All data was stored in a relational online database. Taxonomic information for each specimen was validated automatically using the Species validation list (described above). When the species name did not match any name in the list, a process of curation was initiated, that relied on several bibliographical sources (de Schauensee and Phelps 1978, Schuchmann 1999, Williamson 2002, Fogden, Taylor, et al. 2014) and internet sources of digital information (e.g. www.avibase.bsc-eoc.org; neotropical.birds.cornell.edu; wikiaves.com.br), to match the old and synonym species names already in the database with the contemporary species name. Geographical information was validated using the location list to the Country level and temporal information was validated to the Decade or Year precision. |
Description des étapes de la méthode:
- The process of curation was first started with the establishment of a match between the digital data and the specimen. Then, using archival paper tags, each specimen’s main information (Museum ID, Species ID and other kind of data available) was tagged in the leg. Then, a digital photography was taken, to provide a long-term digital voucher of the specimen.
Données de collection
| Nom de la collection | The Hummingbird Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) |
|---|---|
| Identifiant de collection | MHNC-UP_AVES_Hummingbirds |
| Identifiant de la collection parente | MHNC-UP_AVES |
| Méthode de conservation des spécimens | Mounted |
|---|
Citations bibliographiques
- Schuchmann K. 1999. Family Trochilidae. In: del Hoyo J, Elliot A, Sargatal J editors. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Barn Owls to Hummingbirds. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
Métadonnées additionnelles
| Identifiants alternatifs | 17f6f3d0-b5ef-434b-95a8-cc32d8e5236f |
|---|---|
| http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=mhncup_aves_hummingbirds |