Description
The data presented here originated from field expeditions carried out between 2017 and 2018, within the framework of Forest-Eco2 project: Towards an Ecological and Economic valorisation of the Azorean Forest. The project aimed to quantify the ecological value of the Azorean forests, including carbon accumulation, and to design and propose measures that could further enhance forest sustainably. For that, 90 forest plots were sampled on three Azores islands - São Miguel, Terceira and Pico - equally distributed into natural forest, exotic woodland and production forest. The aim of this report is to further expand knowledge on biodiversity trends enclosed in the different forest types present in the Azores, by providing a list of the occurrences of the 105 different vascular plant taxa together with a brief characterization of their origin and life-form.
Enregistrements de données
Les données de cette ressource données d'échantillonnage ont été publiées sous forme d'une Archive Darwin Core (Darwin Core Archive ou DwC-A), le format standard pour partager des données de biodiversité en tant qu'ensemble d'un ou plusieurs tableurs de données. Le tableur de données du cœur de standard (core) contient 90 enregistrements.
1 tableurs de données d'extension existent également. Un enregistrement d'extension fournit des informations supplémentaires sur un enregistrement du cœur de standard (core). Le nombre d'enregistrements dans chaque tableur de données d'extension est illustré ci-dessous.
Cet IPT archive les données et sert donc de dépôt de données. Les données et métadonnées de la ressource sont disponibles pour téléchargement dans la section téléchargements. Le tableau des versions liste les autres versions de chaque ressource rendues disponibles de façon publique et permet de tracer les modifications apportées à la ressource au fil du temps.
Versions
Le tableau ci-dessous n'affiche que les versions publiées de la ressource accessibles publiquement.
Comment citer
Les chercheurs doivent citer cette ressource comme suit:
Borges Silva L, Madeira P, Cláudio Pavão D, Bento Elias R, Moura M, Silva L (2023): Vascular plant taxa occurrences in exotic woodland and in natural and production forests on the islands of São Miguel, Terceira, and Pico (Azores). v1.2. Universidade dos Açores. Dataset/Samplingevent. http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=plants-azo-foresteco2&v=1.2
Droits
Les chercheurs doivent respecter la déclaration de droits suivante:
L’éditeur et détenteur des droits de cette ressource est Universidade dos Açores. Ce travail est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0.
Enregistrement GBIF
Cette ressource a été enregistrée sur le portail GBIF, et possède l'UUID GBIF suivante : 158e0f0d-26e3-4883-bf5e-6040c1bb1ff4. Universidade dos Açores publie cette ressource, et est enregistré dans le GBIF comme éditeur de données avec l'approbation du GBIF Portugal.
Mots-clé
Azores; islands; Plantae; endemic; native; exotic woodland; natural forest; production forest; Magnoliophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Lycopodiophyta; Pinophyta; Pteridophyta; occurrences.
Contacts
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Couverture géographique
São Miguel, Terceira e Pico islands, in the Azores Archipelago (Portugal). Coordinates: São Miguel: 37°55'45.6''N and 37°42'22.8''N Latitude; 25°53'28.2''W and 25°0'27.6''W Longitude Terceira: 38°38'16.8''N and 38°48'50.4''N Latitude; 27°23'38.4''W and 27°0'54''W Longitude Pico: 38°34'53''N and 38°21'48''N Latitude; 28°33'40''W and 28°0'14.9''W Longitude
| Enveloppe géographique | Sud Ouest [37,675, -28,575], Nord Est [38,84, -25,104] |
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Couverture taxonomique
The dataset covers Kingdom Plantae and the following phyla and classes: Magnoliophyta: Liliopsida; Magnoliopsida Pinophyta: Pinopsida Pteridophyta: Polypodiopsida Lycopodiophyta: Lycopodiopsida; Selaginellopsida.
| Kingdom | Plantae |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Magnoliophyta, Pinophyta, Pteridophyta, Lycopodiophyta |
Couverture temporelle
| Date de début / Date de fin | 2017-04-09 / 2018-07-27 |
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Données sur le projet
This work is under scope of the Foresteco2 Project (Towards an Ecological and Economic valorization of the Azorean Forest), during 2016-2019 aiming to determine the ecosystem services associated with Azorean Forests (Borges Silva et al. 2022). The purpose of this paper was to publish a dataset of vascular plant occurrence in three forest types (NF-Natural Forest, EW-Exotic Woodland and PF-Production Forest) on three islands of the Azores archipelago (São Miguel, Terceira and Pico), already published in GBIF as a Darwin Core Archive.
| Titre | Vascular plant taxa occurrences in exotic woodland and in natural and production forests on the islands of São Miguel, Terceira, and Pico (Azores) |
|---|---|
| Identifiant | ForestEco2-Azores |
| Financement | This work was funded by: i) Project FOREST-ECO2-Towards an Ecological and economic valorization of the Azorean Forest ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000014-Azores 2020 PO, 2016–2019; ii) FEDER funds through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors-COMPETE, iii) by PO Azores Project “Portal da Biodiversidade dos Açores” - M1.1.A/INFRAEST CIENT/001/2022; and iv) by National Funds through FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology under the UID/BIA/50027/2019 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006821. |
| Description du domaine d'étude / de recherche | The Azores archipelago is situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, between North America and Europe, about 1500 km west of mainland Portugal, roughly at 38°44'52''N 31°32'16''W and 38°55'27''N 25°0'36''W. Within the archipelago, the study area comprises forests located in the three largest islands: São Miguel, Terceira, and Pico. The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with regular and abundant rainfall, high levels of relative humidity and persistent winds, mainly during winter and autumn (Azevedo et al. 2004). The landscape of the islands is composed by a mosaic of habitats, ranging from herbaceous to arboreal and from natural to anthropogenic (Silva et al. 2008, Soares et al. 2021). |
| Description du design | A total of 90 forests were sampled, with 30 plots per island. Surveys took place in spring and summer of 2017 (São Miguel and Terceira islands) and 2018 (São Miguel and Pico islands), for a period of 8 months (4 months per year), corresponding to a total of 240 days. Study areas were delimited using a geographic information system (GIS; QGis 3.28) to map and select forest stands, based on the data provided by the Azorean Forest Inventory (DRRF 2007) (see Borges Silva et al. 2022a, Fig. 2). |
Les personnes impliquées dans le projet:
Méthodes d'échantillonnage
A total of 90 forest stands were randomly sampled, 30 in each of the three selected islands São Miguel, Terceira and Pico (10 NF, 10 EW and 10 PF). At each forest we delimited a 10 × 10 m (100 m2) plot and recorded the vascular plant taxa. To quantify the cover-abundance of each taxon, we used Braun Blanquet scale modified by Van der Maarel (1979).
| Etendue de l'étude | Three types of vegetation were included (Borges Silva et al. 2022a): (i) Natural forest, corresponding to submontane and montane cloud forests (Elias et al. 2016). Its distribution in the Azores evolved in unique conditions, due to a pronounced isolation, relatively homogeneous climatic conditions, and a limited number of native woody species but high plant biodiversity and a high number of endemic species, which are dominated by Ilex azorica Gand., Juniperus brevifolia (Hochst. ex Seub.) Antoine, Laurus azorica (Seub.) Franco, Morella faya (Aiton) Wilbur, and Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl (Dias et al. 2007, Elias and Dias 2008, Silva et al. 2010, Pavão et al. 2022,2023a,b); ii) Exotic woodland, located at lower to mid-elevations and dominated by P.undulatum covering more than 30% of the forest area, which expanded from sea level up to 600 m (Borges Silva 2017,2018,2022a, Dutra Silva et al. 2017a,b,2019); iii) Production forest, dominated by C. japonica, occupying 60% of the area dedicated to this type of forest, the most economically important forestry species in the Azores and with an important impact on the landscape (DRRF 2007, 2014, Lourenço et al. 2011, Borges Silva et al. 2022a). |
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| Contrôle qualité | Specimens representing most of the inventoried species, were collected in the field, following standard herbarium techniques, and then deposited in the Herbarium Ruy Telles Palhinha, University of the Azores (AZB). All sampled individuals were sorted by trained taxonomists. Taxonomic nomenclature obtained from: Seubert and Hochstetter (1843), Seubert (1844), Dröuet (1866), Trelease (1897), Cedercreutz (1941), Palhinha (1966), Sjögren (1973), Tutin et al. (1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1980), Franco (1971, 1984), Franco and Afonso (1994, 1998), Valdés et al. (1987), Press and Short (1994), Fernandes and Fernandes (1980, 1983, 1987), Schaefer (2002, 2003, 2005a,b), Silva et al. (2010) and Vieira et al. (2020). In terms of species colonisation status, we followed Silva et al. 2010 categories: Azorean endemic species, i.e. species (or subspecies) occurring only in the Azores, as a result of either speciation events (neo-endemics) or extinct of the mainland populations (paleo-endemics); Macaronesian endemic species, i.e. species only known from the Macaronesian archipelagos (the Azores, Madeira, Canaries and Cape Verde); Native species, i.e. species which arrived by long-distance dispersal to the Azores and which also occur naturally elsewhere. Regarding Introduced species, that occur in the archipelago as a result of human activities, we distinguished two groups, Naturalized, with self-supporting populations, and Casual, occasionally escaped from cultivation. The biogeographic and historic criteria used to classify taxa as non-indigenous were adapted from Silva et al. (2000): (i) classified as such by several authors from the 19th century; (ii) first record in the last 100 years; (iii) distribution restricted to a reduced number of islands; (iv) record of a recent (last 100 years) extension of the distribution in the Azores; (v) absence in other Macaronesian islands; (vi) disjunct distribution; (vii) anthropochoric taxa - only casual in the native vegetation. These criteria were applied after exclusion of endemic taxa. Database queries allowed the determination of the taxa number in each category, globally, and specifically for the Magnoliopsida, Liliopsida, Pinophyta, Pteridophyta and Lycopodiophyta (Silva and Smith 2004). |
Description des étapes de la méthode:
- The dataset submitted to GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) is structured as a sample event dataset, with two tables: event (as core) and occurrences. The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwCA), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 105 records (eventID) and 1150 records (occurrenceID). One extension data table also exists. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated in the IPT (integrated publishing toolkit) link. This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for downloading in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Citations bibliographiques
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- DRRF(2007) Avaliacao da Biomassa Disponivel em Povoamentos Florestais na Região Autónoma dos Acores (Evaluation of Available Biomass in Forestry Stands in the Azores Autonomic Region) 8 (Inventario Florestal da Região Autónoma dos Acores Direção Regional dos Recursos Florestais, Secretaria Regional da Agricultura e Florestas da Região Autónoma dos Acores, 2007).
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- Lourenço P, Medeiros V, Gil A, Silva L (2011) Distribution, habitat and biomass of Pittosporum undulatum, the most importante woody plant invader in the Azores Archipelago. Forest Ecology and Management 262: 178-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.03.021
- Palhinha RT (1966) Catálogo das Plantas Vasculares dos Açores. Sociedade de Estudos Açorianos Afonso Chaves, Lisbon, 186 pp.
- Press JR, Short MJ (1994) Flora of Madeira. The Natural History Museum, London, 574 pp.
- Seubert M and Hochstetter C (1843) Übersicht der Flora der azorischen Inseln. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 9: 1-24.
- Seubert M (1844) Flora Azorica (quam ex collectionibus schedisque Hochstetteri patris et filii elaboravit). Marcus, Bonn, Germany, 49 pp.
- Silva L, Moura M, Schaefer H, Rumsey F. Dias EF (2010) List of Vascular Plants (Tracheobionta). Pp. 117–146 in: Borges, P.A.V., A. Costa, R. Cunha, R. Gabriel, V. Gonçalves, A. F. Martins, I. Melo, et al. A List of the Terrestrial and Marine Biota from the Azores. Princípia, Cascais. 432 pp. [ISBN978-989-8131-75-1]
- Silva L, Smith CW (2004) A Characterization of the Non-indigenous Flora of the Azores Archipelago Biological Invasions 6, 193-204. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BINV.0000022138.75673.8c
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- Sjögren E (1973) Recent changes in the vascular flora and vegetation of the Azores Islands. Memórias da Sociedade Broteriana 22: 1-113.
- Soares AO, Borges I, Calado HR, Borges PAV (2021) An updated checklist to the biodiversity data of ladybeetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e77464 https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e77464
- Trelease W (1897) Botanical observations on the Azores. Annual Report Missouri Botanical Garden 8: 77-220.
- Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (1964) Flora Europaea, Vol 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 464 pp.
- Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (1968) Flora Europaea, Vol 2. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 455 pp.
- Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (1972) Flora Europaea, Vol 3. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 385 pp.
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- Valdés B, Talavera S, Fernández-Galiano E (1987) Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental (Vols 1-3).Ketres Editora S.A., Barcelona, 485 + 640 + 555 pp.
- Van der Maarel E (1979) Transformation of cover-abundance values in phytosociology and its effects on community similarity. Vegatatio Vol. 39:97-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052021
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- Borges Silva L, Lourenço P, Teixeira A, Azevedo EB, Alves M, Elias RB, Silva L (2018) Biomass valorization in the management of woody plant invaders: The case of Pittosporum undulatum in the Azores. Biomass Bioenergy 109: 155-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.12.025
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- DRRF (2014) Estratégia Florestal dos Açores. Direção Regional Dos Recursos Florestais, Secretaria Regional da Agricultura e Florestas da Região Autónoma dos Açores, 21 pp.
- Pavão DC, Jevšenak J. Petrillo M, Camarinho R, Rodrigues A, Borges Silva L, Elias RB, Silva L (2022) Dendrochronological potential of the Azorean endemic gymnosperm Juniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine. Dendrochronologia 71: 125901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2021.125901
- Pavão DC, Jevšenak J, Borges Silva L, Elias RB, Silva L (2023a) Climate-Growth Relationships in Laurus azorica-A Dominant Tree in the Azorean Laurel Forest. Forests 14: 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020166
- Pavão DC, Jevšenak J, Engblom J, Borges Silva L, Elias RB, Silva L (2023b) Tree growth-climate relationship in the Azorean holly in a temperate humid forest with low thermal amplitude. Dendrochronologia 77: 126050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2022.126050
- Schaefer H (2002) Flora of the Azores. A Field Guide. Margraf-Verlag. Weikersheim.
- Schaefer H (2003) Chorology and Diversity of the Azorean Flora. Dissertationes Botanicae, 374, 1-130.
- Schaefer H (2005a) Flora of the Azores. A Field Guide. Second enlarged edition. Margraf Publishers/Backhuys Publishers. Weikersheim.
- Schaefer H (2005b) Endemic Vascular Plants of the Azores: an Updated List. Hoppea, 66,275-283.
- Silva L, Ojeda Land E, Rodríguez Luengo JL (eds.) (2008) Invasive Terrestrial Flora & Fauna of Macaronesia. TOP 100 in Azores, Madeira and Canaries. ARENA, Ponta Delgada, 546 pp. [ISBN: 978-989-95910-1-1]
- Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (1980) Flora Europaea, Vol 5. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 452 pp
- Vieira V, Moura M, Silva L (2020). Flora Terrestre dos Açores: Guia de Campo. Letras Lavadas Edições, Ponta Delgada, 336 pp. [ISBN 978-989-735-349-9]
Métadonnées additionnelles
| Identifiants alternatifs | https://www.gbif.org/dataset/158e0f0d-26e3-4883-bf5e-6040c1bb1ff4 |
|---|---|
| 158e0f0d-26e3-4883-bf5e-6040c1bb1ff4 | |
| http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=plants-azo-foresteco2 |