Description
The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of two recent research projects (ISLANDBIODIV and MACDIV), which aimed to understand the drivers of community assembly in Macaronesian islands. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in ten 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Azorean Islands of Pico (6 plots) and Terceira (10 plots) to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna of the Azores, and more specifically, to that of the islands of Pico and Terceira. This dataset presents data generated from spider samples collected in 16 forest plots on the Azorean islands of Pico and Terceira. Of the 40 species collected, 16 were introduced, 13 endemic, seven native (five of them Macaronesian endemics) and four undescribed species. Although most of the species had been previously recorded on both islands, two of the introduced species were recorded in Pico for the first time.
Enregistrements de données
Les données de cette ressource données d'échantillonnage ont été publiées sous forme d'une Archive Darwin Core (Darwin Core Archive ou DwC-A), le format standard pour partager des données de biodiversité en tant qu'ensemble d'un ou plusieurs tableurs de données. Le tableur de données du cœur de standard (core) contient 423 enregistrements.
1 tableurs de données d'extension existent également. Un enregistrement d'extension fournit des informations supplémentaires sur un enregistrement du cœur de standard (core). Le nombre d'enregistrements dans chaque tableur de données d'extension est illustré ci-dessous.
Cet IPT archive les données et sert donc de dépôt de données. Les données et métadonnées de la ressource sont disponibles pour téléchargement dans la section téléchargements. Le tableau des versions liste les autres versions de chaque ressource rendues disponibles de façon publique et permet de tracer les modifications apportées à la ressource au fil du temps.
Versions
Le tableau ci-dessous n'affiche que les versions publiées de la ressource accessibles publiquement.
Comment citer
Les chercheurs doivent citer cette ressource comme suit:
Malumbres-Olarte J, Cardoso P, Crespo L C, Gabriel R, Pereira F, Carvalho R, Rego C, Nunes R, Ferreira M T, Amorim I R, C. Emerson B, Rigal F, Borges P A V (2022): Spiders from Macaronesia_Azores. v1.8. Universidade dos Açores. Dataset/Samplingevent. http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=spiders_macaronesia_azores&v=1.8
Droits
Les chercheurs doivent respecter la déclaration de droits suivante:
L’éditeur et détenteur des droits de cette ressource est Universidade dos Açores. Ce travail est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0.
Enregistrement GBIF
Cette ressource a été enregistrée sur le portail GBIF, et possède l'UUID GBIF suivante : 6aa5ac09-2b55-4078-bd2d-ec94fb91850a. Universidade dos Açores publie cette ressource, et est enregistré dans le GBIF comme éditeur de données avec l'approbation du GBIF Portugal.
Mots-clé
Sampling event; Arthropoda; Araneae; Azores; Terceira; Pico; native forest; exotic species; standardised sampling; Samplingevent
Contacts
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http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5719
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Couverture géographique
Pico and Terceira Islands, the Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal
| Enveloppe géographique | Sud Ouest [38,372, -28,548], Nord Est [38,814, -26,96] |
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Couverture taxonomique
Rank: order; Scientific Name: Araneae: Common Name: Spiders
| Order | Araneae (Spiders) |
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Couverture temporelle
| Date de début / Date de fin | 2012-06-01 / 2016-09-26 |
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Données sur le projet
The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of two recent research projects (ISLANDBIODIV and MACDIV), which aimed to understand the drivers of community assembly in Macaronesian islands. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in ten 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Azorean Islands of Pico (6 plots) and Terceira (10 plots) to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna of the Azores, and more specifically, to that of the islands of Pico and Terceira. This dataset presents data generated from spider samples collected in 16 forest plots on the Azorean islands of Pico and Terceira. Of the 41 species collected, 17 were introduced, 5 Macaronesian, 2 native, 13 endemic and 4 were undescribed species of unknown distribution. Although most of the species had been previously recorded on both islands, two of the introduced species were recorded in Pico for the first time.
| Titre | Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesian native forests: The Azores. |
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| Identifiant | SLAM |
| Financement | FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/0054/2014– MACDIV “Macaronesian Islands as a testing ground to assess biodiversity drivers at multiple scales” (2016-2020) |
| Description du domaine d'étude / de recherche | Terceira Island (area: 400.6 km²; elevation: 1,021.14 m) is one of the nine islands from the Azores archipelago, located in the North Atlantic, roughly at 38°43′49″N 27°19′10″W. The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with regular and abundant rainfall, with high levels of relative humidity and persistent winds, mainly during the winter and autumn seasons. Terceira Island is known for the presence of some very important pristine areas at high elevation (Gaspar et al. 2011). However, few natural areas still remain at lower elevations, notably in Praia da Vitória’s council. |
| Description du design | At all plots we applied the optimised and standardised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) sampling protocol for temperate forests (Cardoso 2009). Different variants of the COBRA protocol for spiders have already been applied in oceanic islands (Emerson et al. 2017) and tropical forests (Malumbres- Olarte et al. 2016, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2017). Although originally developed and optimised for mainland habitats, COBRA has been recently proposed to be the standard protocol for inventorying and monitoring island forest ecosystems (Borges et al. 2018b). The COBRA protocol for temperate forest spiders consists of: 4 night aerial samples (1 hour/ sample), 2 day sweeping samples and 2 night sweeping samples (1 hour/ sample), 2 day beating samples and 2 night beating samples (1 hour/ sample) and 12 pitfall samples (4 traps/ sample). For the island sampling additional samples were added to also cover beetle diversity (Borges et al. 2018b): 2 diurnal active aerial searching under bark, lichens and bryophytes (ABS) (1 hour/ sample) and 2 diurnal active aerial searching in decaying trunks, dead wood on the ground, and under stones (GWS) (1 hour/ sample). The ABS method consists in collecting mostly beetles, but also spiders, found under bark and lichen using a small hoe to remove them when needed. The GWS method is similar to the aerial method but directed towards beetles and spiders found below knee-level, including species hidden below stones, inside hollow trunks or in dead wood. |
Les personnes impliquées dans le projet:
Méthodes d'échantillonnage
At all plots we applied the optimised and standardised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) sampling protocol for temperate forests (Cardoso 2009). Different variants of the COBRA protocol for spiders have already been applied in oceanic islands (Emerson et al. 2017) and tropical forests (Malumbres- Olarte et al. 2016, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2017). Although originally developed and optimised for mainland habitats, COBRA has been recently proposed to be the standard protocol for inventorying and monitoring island forest ecosystems (Borges et al. 2018b). The COBRA protocol for temperate forest spiders consists of: 4 night aerial samples (1 hour/ sample), 2 day sweeping samples and 2 night sweeping samples (1 hour/ sample), 2 day beating samples and 2 night beating samples (1 hour/ sample) and 12 pitfall samples (4 traps/ sample). For the island sampling additional samples were added to also cover beetle diversity (Borges et al. 2018b): 2 diurnal active aerial searching under bark, lichens and bryophytes (ABS) (1 hour/ sample) and 2 diurnal active aerial searching in decaying trunks, dead wood on the ground, and under stones (GWS) (1 hour/ sample). The ABS method consists in collecting mostly beetles, but also spiders, found under bark and lichen using a small hoe to remove them when needed. The GWS method is similar to the aerial method but directed towards beetles and spiders found below knee-level, including species hidden below stones, inside hollow trunks or in dead wood.
| Etendue de l'étude | On each of the Azorean islands of Pico and Terceira, we established respectively six and ten 50 m x 50 m plots along a 20 km long transect. In Pico, each plot is located at increasing distances from the first plot: 0.1, 1, 5, 10 and 20 km. All plots were located in native forest dominated by Juniperus brevifolia, Laurus azorica and Ilex perado subsp. azorica trees (see Borges et al. 2018C for more details). |
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| Contrôle qualité | All sorted specimens were identified by a taxonomical expert |
Description des étapes de la méthode:
- The data has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardised format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table (events) contains 121 records and one data table extension also exists (occurrence), with 1639 records. The extension supplies extra information about the core record.
Données de collection
| Nom de la collection | DTP |
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| Identifiant de collection | DTP |
| Méthode de conservation des spécimens | No treatment |
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Métadonnées additionnelles
| Identifiants alternatifs | 6aa5ac09-2b55-4078-bd2d-ec94fb91850a |
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| http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=spiders_macaronesia_azores |