說明
The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).
資料紀錄
此資源sampling event的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 206 筆紀錄。
亦存在 1 筆延伸集的資料表。延伸集中的紀錄補充核心集中紀錄的額外資訊。 每個延伸集資料表中資料筆數顯示如下。
此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Carvalho R, Cardoso P, Borges P A V (2022): Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails. v1.7. Universidade dos Açores. Dataset/Samplingevent. http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=spiders_of_azorean_trails&v=1.7
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Universidade dos Açores。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: 76e75816-b0dc-4460-9de2-294f3e05ad83。 Universidade dos Açores 發佈此資源，並經由GBIF Portugal同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
Occurrence; Arthropoda; Araneae; Azores; native forest COBRA standardized sampling; nature trails; recreation ecology.; Samplingevent.
聯絡資訊
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 出處
- 出處
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-9960
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 典藏經理 ●
- 出處 ●
- 連絡人
地理涵蓋範圍
Terceira and S. Miguel islands, Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal.
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [37.579, -27.466], 緯度北界 經度東界 [39.045, -25.049] |
|---|
分類群涵蓋範圍
All Araneae were identified at species level.
| Order | Araneae (Spiders) |
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時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2012-07-13 / 2017-10-17 |
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計畫資料
The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).
| 計畫名稱 | Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Azorean trails |
|---|---|
| 辨識碼 | AZORESBIOPORTAL |
| 經費來源 | This research was supported by the DRCT scholarship M3.1.a/F/135/2015, from the Azores Government, and by FEDER in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through Operational Program Azores 2020, under the project AZORESBIOPORTAL –PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072). |
| 研究區域描述 | Terceira Island (area: 400.6 km²; elevation: 1,021.14 m) and São Miguel Island (area: 744.6 km²; elevation: 1,103 m) are two of the nine islands from the Azores archipelago. The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with regular and abundant rainfall, with high levels of relative humidity and persistent winds, mainly during the winter and autumn seasons. Terceira Island is known for the presence of some very important pristine areas at high elevation (Gaspar et al. 2011). However, few natural areas still remain at lower elevations, notably in Praia da Vitória’s council. |
| 研究設計描述 | At all plots we applied the optimised and standardised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) sampling protocol for temperate forests (Cardoso 2009). Different variants of the COBRA protocol for spiders have already been applied in oceanic islands (Emerson et al. 2017) and tropical forests (Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020). Although originally developed and optimised for mainland habitats, COBRA has been recently proposed to be the standard protocol for inventorying and monitoring island forest ecosystems (Borges et al. 2018). |
參與計畫的人員:
- 內容提供者
- 研究主持人
- 作者
取樣方法
The COBRA protocols have been proposed as part of standard inventorying and monitoring programs on island and continental ecosystems, and have already been used for a number of studies on spiders and beetles (Cardoso 2009, Borges et al. 2018, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020).
| 研究範圍 | We selected twenty-three 50x50m sampling sites in native forest patches along the studied trails, at increasing distances from the trail head: 0m, 50m and 250m. Another sampling site was added along the trail in the area with the most pristine surrounding forest (Max). Finally, two control sites were placed inside the forest, at 50m and approximately 250m from the closest trail point. Therefore, whenever there were the conditions for it, the trails had six sampling sites. The design allowed to understand whether there were ecological differences at different distances from the trail head. |
|---|---|
| 品質控管 | Sampling was performed with the standardized COBRA protocol, and all species were identified by a taxonomist. |
方法步驟描述:
- The data has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardised format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 194 records (eventID). One extension data table also exists with 1290 occurrences. The extension supplies extra information about the core record.
收藏資料
| 蒐藏名稱 | Entomoteca Dalberto Teixeira Pombo (DTP) |
|---|---|
| 蒐藏編號 | DTP |
| 標本保存方法 | Alcohol |
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引用文獻
- Borges, P.A.V., Cardoso, P., Kreft, H., Whittaker, R.J., Fattorini, S., Emerson, B.C., Gil, A., Gillespie, R.G., Matthews, T.J., Santos, A.M.C., Steinbauer, M.J., Thébaud, C., Ah-Peng, C., Amorim, I.R., Aranda, S.C., Arroz, A.M., Azevedo, J.M., Boieiro, M., Borda-De-Água, L., Carvalho, J.C., Elias, R.B., Fernández-Palacios, J.M., Florencio, M., González-Mancebo, J.M., Heaney, L.R., Hortal, J., Kueffer, C., Lequette, B., Martín-Esquivel, J.L., López, H., Lamelas-López, L., Marcelino, J., Nunes, R., Oromí, P., Patiño, J., Pérez, A.J., Rego, C., Ribeiro, S.P., Rigal, F., Rodrigues, P., Rominger, A.J., Santos-Reis, M., Schaefer, H., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A.R.M., Sim-Sim, M., Stephenson, P.J., Soares, A.O., Strasberg, D., Vanderporten, A., Vieira, V. & Gabriel, R. (2018). A Global Island Monitoring Scheme (GIMS) for the long-term coordinated survey and monitoring of forest biota across islands. Biodiversity and Conservation, 27: 2567–2586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1553-7
- Cardoso, P. (2009). Standardization and optimization of arthropod inventories – the case of Iberian spiders. Biodiversity and Conservation, 18:3949-3962 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-009-9690-7
- Emerson, B.C., Casquet, J., López, H., Cardoso, P., Borges, P.A.V., Mollaret, N., Oromí, P., Strasberg, D. & Thébaud, C. (2017). A combined field survey and molecular identification protocol for comparing forest arthropod biodiversity across spatial scales. Molecular Ecology Resources, 17: 694-707. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12617
- Malumbres-Olarte, J., Cardoso, P., Crespo, L., Gabriel, R., Pereira, F., Carvalho, R., Rego, C., Nunes, R., Ferreira, M.T., Amorim, I.R., Rigal, F. & Borges, P.A.V. (2019). Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia I: The native forests of the Azores (Pico and Terceira islands). Biodiversity Data Journal, 7: e32625. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e32625
- Malumbres-Olarte, J., Boieiro, M., Cardoso, P., Carvalho, R., Crespo, L.C., Gabriel, R., Hernández, N.M., Paulo, O.S., Pereira, F., Rego, C., Ros-Prieto, A., Silva, I., Vieira, A., Rigal, F. & Borges, P.A.V. (2020). Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia II: The native forests and dry habitats of Madeira archipelago (Madeira and Porto Santo islands). Biodiversity Data Journal, 8: e47502 https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e47502
- Gaspar, C., Gaston, K.J., Borges, P.A.V. & Cardoso, P. (2011). Selection of priority areas for arthropod conservation in the Azores archipelago. Journal of Insect Conservation, 15: 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-010-9365-4
額外的詮釋資料
| 替代的識別碼 | 76e75816-b0dc-4460-9de2-294f3e05ad83 |
|---|---|
| http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=spiders_of_azorean_trails |